đź’§THE SCIENCE OF THE BITTER HOPS đź’§
THE POSITIVE EFFECTS ON COGNITION USING BITTER HOP EXTRACT
Matured Hop-Derived Bitter Components in Beer Improve Hippocampus-Dependent Memory Through Activation of the Vagus Nerve
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-33866-1.pdf
Together, our results suggest that MHBA improves memory function via stimulation of the vagus nerve and enhancement of NE release in the hippocampus. Vagus nerve activation by the intake of food materials including MHBA may be a safe and effective approach for improving cognitive function.
2015
Matured Hop Bittering Components Induce Thermogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissue via Sympathetic Nerve Activity
Taken together, these findings indicate that MHB ameliorates diet-induced body fat accumulation, at least partly, by enhancing thermogenesis in BAT via BAT-SNA activation. Our data suggests that MHB is a useful tool for developing functional foods or beverages to counteract the accumulation of body fat.
2016
Matured hop extract reduces body fat in healthy overweight humans: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study
Compared to the placebo group, a significant reduction was observed in the visceral fat area after 8 and 12 w, and in the total fat area after 12 w in the active group. The present study suggests that continual ingestion of MHE safely reduces body fat, particularly the abdominal visceral fat of healthy overweight subjects.
2018
The relationship between the effect of matured hop extract and physical activity on reducing body fat: re-analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study
Relationship between Hops Extract & Exercise
The results suggested that MHE ingestion combined with light intensity exercise [walking] would induce a greater reduction in VFA which would be beneficial for obese or overweight individuals in reducing obesity and obesity-related diseases.
2018
Matured Hop-Derived Bitter Components in Beer Improve Hippocampus-Dependent Memory Through Activation of the Vagus Nerve
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-33866-1.pdf
Together, our results suggest that MHBA improves memory function via stimulation of the vagus nerve and enhancement of NE release in the hippocampus. Vagus nerve activation by the intake of food materials including MHBA may be a safe and effective approach for improving cognitive function.
2019
Effects of Hop Bitter Acids, Bitter Components in Beer, on Cognition in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06660
This is the first study to evaluate the effects of bitter ingredients in beer on cognition, subjective mood, and mental fatigue in a clinical trial. Our findings suggest that hop-derived bitter acids might be beneficial for cognition and mood state.
2020
Hop bitter acids containing a β‑carbonyl moiety prevent inflammation‑induced cognitive decline via the vagus nerve and noradrenergic system
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-77034-w.pdf
Bitter acids with a β‑tricarbonyl moiety suppress microglial activation and improve memory impairment induced by inflammation or AD pathology via the activation of the gut‑brain axis and noradrenergic system. Supplements with hop bitter acids, including MHBAs, might be a novel approach for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia.
2020
Supplementation with Matured Hop Bitter Acids Improves Cognitive Performance and Mood State in Healthy Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline
Bitter Hops Improves Cognition
This study suggested that MHBA intake improves cognitive function, attention, and mood state in older adults.
2022
An extract of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) modulates gut peptide hormone secretion and reduces energy intake in healthy-weight men: a randomized, crossover clinical trial
Peptide Hormone and Bitter Hops Extract
Both gastric and duodenal delivery of a hop extract modulates the release of hormones involved in appetite and glycemic regulation, providing a potential “bitter brake” on EI in healthy-weight men.
2023
Matured hop extract reduces body fat in healthy overweight humans: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study
Cognitive Functioning
Participants who consumed mature hop bitter acids showed significant improvements in cognitive performance, particularly in areas related to attention and memory.
Cognitive benefits are believed to be linked to the activation of dopamine neurotransmission in the brain, which enhances hippocampus-dependent memory and prefrontal cortex-associated cognitive functions.
Effects of Hop Bitter Acids, Bitter Components, on Cognition in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Studies have shown that these MHBa increase dopaminergic activity in the hippocampus, a region of the brain associated with memory and emotional responses. This increase in activity is linked to improved mood, stress resilience and cognitive functions. Vagus nerve also stimulate the VTA a key region in the brain’s reward system.
The VTA contains dopamine-producing neurons which then act on the medial prefrontal cortex which is responsible for cognitive control, emotional regulation, motivation and reward processing, and attention allocation.
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9612?
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